![]() So, the larger the BCD number, the more bits BCD coding wastes.Įxample: If you were to make a counter that counts from 0 to 9999 (as you will with Project 9) with a binary counter, you would need 14 bits (2^14 = 16,384 > 10,000). Mathematically, each BCD “bit” only encodes 10^(1/4) = 1.778 states, while each binary bit encodes 2 states. An 8-bit BCD number can represent 10^(8/4) = 100 states, and a 32-bit BCD number can represent 10^(32/4) = 100,000,000 states.īCD numbers encode less information than binary numbers with the same number of bits, as 6 of 16 possible states are not used for each 4-bit BCD number. That means that a 4-bit BCD number can represent ten states (0-9). A 4-bit binary number can represent 2^4 = 16 states, an 8-bit binary number can represent 2^8 = 256 states, and a 32-bit binary number can represent 2^32 = 4,294,967,296 states.īCD numbers use 4 bits to represent one decimal digit. ![]() Binary is more efficient for arithmetic, memory storage, and transmitting information, but is less human-readable.Ĭontrast the difference between BCD and binary coding. BCD is commonly used when decimal numbers must be represented in hardware, as each 4-bit BCD number maps directly to a decimal number. ![]() Both have their advantages and disadvantages. Synthesize and download your modified design to the Spartan-3E FPGA board and test your design for correct functionality.Both binary-coded decimal (BCD) and binary numbers are used in many digital applications. Create a top-level component that structurally connects your 4-bit Up/Down Counter, the previously provided clock divider ( ClkDiv), the Binary to BCD Converter, and the Multiplexed BCD Display Driver.Be sure to correct your design before synthesizing the circuit to the Spartan-3E FPGA board. Due to the memory limitations of the computers within the ECE 274 Laboratory, you should test your design assuming a refresh period is 16 us (instead of 16 ms). Create a testbench to test the Multiplexed BCD Display Driver for correct functionality for one full refresh period.Note: You will need to accurately describe how your Refresher component works to your TA to receive full points. The Multiplexed BCD Display Driver should be modeled structurally, but the Refresher sub-component can be modeled behaviorally. Design the Multiplexed BCD Display Driver and Refresher sub-components.No specific requirements are needed for the testbench, but you must be able to demonstrate the correctness of your design to your TA. Create a testbench to test the Binary to BCD Converter for correct functionality.Note: If you choose to model the entire Binary to BCD Converter behaviorally as one Verilog module, you will receive a maximum of 25 points. Note that you do not need to utilize all components listed above, but rather you are restricted to those components. Each datapath component used must be modeled behaviorally as a separate Verilog module, and the Binary to BCD Converter must be implemented as a structural connection of those datapath components. Structurally design the Binary to BCD Converter using any of the following datapath components: adders, subtractors, incrementers, decrementers, multipliers, comparators, shifters, registers, multiplexers, decoders, encoders, and logic gates (only when necessary).The following provides an overview of the multiplexed BCD to 7-segment display driver. The Multiplexed BCD Display Driver builds upon your binary to 7-segment decoder by adding a refresher circuit to control when each 7-segment display will be illuminated and a multiplexer to select between the Tens and Ones output of the Binary to BCD Converter. In this lab, you will also design and build a Multiplexed BCD Display Driver to display the Tens and Ones outputs of the Binary to BCD Converter on the corresponding 7-segment LED displays. Instead, by repeatedly and continuously display a digit on each display faster than the human eye can respond, both displays will appear to be illuminated at the same time. As such, we cannot simultaneously display a digit on both 7-segment LED displays. ![]() In designing the binary to 7-segment LED decoder in Lab 2, the SegSel output was used to control which 7-segment LED display would be utilized to display the 4-bit binary number. Multiplexed 2-digit BCD Display Controller
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